Coarctation of the aorta (CoA or CoAo), also called aorticnarrowing, is a congenital condition whereby the aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts. ... When a patient has a coarctation, the left ventricle has to work harder.

Classification:

There are three types of aortic coarctations:

1. Preductal coarctation: The narrowing is proximal to the ductus arteriosus. Blood flow to the aorta that is distal to the narrowing is dependent on the ductus arteriosus; therefore severe coarctation can be life-threatening. Preductal coarctation results when an intracardiac anomaly during fetal life decreases blood flow through the left side of the heart, leading to hypoplastic development of the aorta. This is the type seen in approximately 5% of infants with Turner syndrome.

2. Ductal coarctation: The narrowing occurs at the insertion of the ductus arteriosus. This kind usually appears when the ductus arteriosus closes.

3. Postductal coarctation: The narrowing is distal to the insertion of the ductus arteriosus. Even with an open ductus arteriosus, blood flow to the lower body can be impaired. This type is most common in adults. It is associated with notching of the ribs (because of collateral circulation), hypertension in the upper extremities, and weak pulses in the lower extremities. Postductal coarctation is most likely the result of the extension of a muscular artery (ductus arteriosus) into an elastic artery (aorta) during fetal life, where the contraction and fibrosis of the ductus arteriosus upon birth subsequently narrows the aortic lumen.

Coarctation of the Aorta Stenting

Under GA

BiPlane Fluroscopy

8F femoral sheath (venous)

Proglide

12F or 14Fr Mullins sheath 85cm

Confida guidewire

6F Pigtail diagnostic catheter

Covered CP stent (ask for size)

BIB balloon (ask for size)

1 BIB balloon (75ml:25ml saline:contrast mixture)

(Orange- outer balloon - 20mL;

Indigo-inner balloon - 10mL;

Cyan - catheter - flushing)

2 3-way tap

3 10ml luerlock syringe

1 20ml luerlock syringe

Contrast mixture:

25ml contrast

75ml saline